Paper-pulp beater



Nov. 4, 1930. w. N. SHERWOOD PAPER PULP BEATER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct, 13, 1928 INVENTOR. W711 TEK JVT-SHEK WOOD BY m WW A TTORNE Y.

Nov. 4, 1930. w. N. SHERWOOD PAPER PULP BEATER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 15, 1928 1/0 INVENTOR. Mun-3? 1V. SHEKWOOD BY 0% W ATTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITE Application filed Gctober 1a, 1928. Serial No. 312,392;

My invention relates to a method of and Caps at a speed far in excess to any speed heretoparatus for beatingpulp. I As is Well knowmpaper pulp heaters embodygenerally a vat or tub, Within which'is 5 arranged a revolving beating roll or drum.

This rollor drum is equipped with radial blades, extending longitudinally of the same, tor aiiording buckets. A bed is arranged beneath the beating roll or drum and is pro- .10 vided With spaced blades forming buckets, the

'iZWO sets of blades coacting to beat the pulp..

Arrangedat the rear of the drum is a back tall. The pulp is beaten by the drum, and is pushed over the backfall, and circulates through the vat or tub. In theoperation of these prior art beaters, the beating roll or drum must be driven at a relatively loW'speed, such as about 1400 to 1750 p'eripherial feet per minute. these beating rolls at a higher speed, but it is found thatthe' rolls will not then push the pulp over thebackfall, but the pulp will travel around With the roll, and the roll Will wallow in the pulp. As far as I am aware, no i one has succeeded in constructing a paper pulp beater, wherein the beating roll 1s driven at a high speed, namely at a speed of about 2500 to 3500 peripherial feet per minute, more The Work that the beater Will donaturally depends upon the speed at whlchor less.

thebea-ting roll can be successifu'lly, driven, and although the fact has heretotore been recognized, no one, as far as I am aware, hasv succeeded in producingahigh speed paper pulp heater, as above indicated. Further, in the prior artpaper pulp heaters, the circulation or travel of the pulp through the vat or tub not entirely satisfactory. v The travel of'the pulp is far -from uniform portionsof the pulp frequently remaining-stationary, ne

eessitating this portion of the pulp being individually orked. To meetthis condition, it has been proposed to place paddle Wheels in the vats.

In accordance with my invention, I provide a paper pulp beater embodying a vat or tub having a channel or passage in which the pulp circulates, in a manner to be described. A beating rollior drum is locate-d Within the channel'jof the vat. This beatingroll is'de- Attempts have been made to drive signed to be driven at a high speed, namely fore contemplated in the art. By high speed of this character, I' mean a speed of froni about 2500'to3500 peripherialfeet permin ute. This is found to belthe 'efl ecti've high v speed limits When ah-igh' backfall is used, 7

that is'a baclrfall extending above the axis of rotation of the backfall. "lVh'n the backfall is lowerechthe effective highspeed limits will be 2000 to 3500' peripherial teetper minute. In order to obtain satisfactory results by the use ofthe-high speedbeating roll, I have found it necessary toincr'ease the number ofhlade-s carried by theroll, far in eX- 1 cess of that contemplated 'by the prior art.

In the prior art beater,'the blades upon the drum are ordinarily arranged about 2 to 3 A; apart from center to center. 5 My blades are arranged not farther apart than one inch, and I also form my blades much thinner. i The result is that I employ from tWo to three times i as many blades upon the beating roll, as has heretofore been the practice, and the pockets between the bladesonrmy beating roll are" aboutone inch in Width and about one inch deep. By rapidly; rotating my beating roll, as explainechan entirely difi'erent mode of op eration is produced inv the handling of'the stocln; Not only is the stock subjected to a i much greater beatingaction," but it is'propelled by the roll in an entirely difierent manner. In thelow speed rotating, pulp heaters,

. the pulp is simply pushed over the backfall,

by the beating roll andas stated, if itis at-' tempted to rotate the roll, ata high speed,

the pushing action isfimpaired, and the roll simply WallOWS in the pulp. 5;

' Inxthe operation of my high speed beating roll; the pushing action is not present, butthe pulp is violently projected. or" thrown from the beatingvrollby centrifugal force.

This pulp is thrown over thebackfalh'upon or. into the pulp which is'circulating or trav- 'elin'g in aqjdirection ate right an'gle to the} movement of the projected pulp: The circulation of the pulp at therear of the back 7 fall is eflfectedby means-ofan inclination.

By rapidly throwing or projecting the pulp from the beater roll, upon or into. the pulp 5 1 'ing, Compression mixing, expansion mixing,

strata *bre' king corner mixing,iand gravity 1 V i Qdinary flygbars', and may be onlyrhalf the thickness ofthe ordinaryfly biars. prefer {.to'space thefly' bars QGEat-about 1 -fron center to center, thereby providingwafbucket -V-r pocket one inch Wide." Arranged between the fly bars 26 are fly ba'r fillers 29,-p1feferably f L I formed of wooden. strips or about 1 31 to 1/4- thick. Thesefiyb'arfillersfittightlybetweenfi circulating at a'right anglethereto, a cross i vcurrent action is obtained, effecting a thor- V ough mixing of the same.

a By virtue of the small centrifugal force, Ifobtain' a hydration by forced mixing, By throwing the 'mix from Y c the mixing roll across the directionof circulation of the mix, in the vat, at the rear of? the roll, I obtain a cross current miXl By the "peculiar construction of the, channels or passages in the vat, I obtain cross section mixsag-mixingi .7

; 3111' ,the accompanying ;a.,part'- of this specification, and iniwhich' like numerals are employed to designatel-ike gparts throughout; the same,

7 ,Figurel is aside elevation of apaper pulp beaterembodying my invention, E-

2 Figure2-is a planiview of the same, i F

the'beating-rollor drum, I a f Figure 71st detail fragmentary transverse:- c section through the same, 7

j dgFiguref 8; is a fragmentary central. longi-,-

' ,liave made,;I find that the small size of the Figuretis atransverse section't aken on line: 7

i "depth of the bucket is preferably ian giIlCl1,. V

and when-the fly bars wear down, the depth i r V of the bucket may-be restored by removing" 7 "one or more of'the fillers rvlThebuckets or "pockets, are ordinarily maintained at about H of Figure 1, 1} 7 a I H Figure, 5 1s ell-similar vlewtakenion line '1 Figure ,6 is a fragmentary side elevation of jtudinal section through the drum,

FigurelQis a transverse section takenon flinelO-AO of Figure 9.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration, is shown a preferred embodia mentof my invention, the numeral 15 designates a ;V at or tub, which is preferably elon-z C gated, with three of its corners preferably rounded, although the inventionis in no sense size of the drive shaft-may alsobe reduced,

' j restrictedtothis precise' shapeJEXtending I generallycentrally longitudinally withinthe 1 vator tubis amid-feather 16,"and amid-pan. tition '17 extends parallel with the midfeather, and is spaced therefrom, affording a lighter beam chamber 18'; The mid-feather 16, instead" of extending straight 7 through- Q out its entire'le ngth, as is ordinarilythe-case,

is cut between its ends audits-forward por- :-tion 19is transversely inclined for a distance about from the rearportion of the midfeather; "The forward portion of the midfeather intersects with the mid-partition 17,

- and a curved wall 20 is securedto' theends I ".of'thes'e parts, as shown,jfor producing a Zcontractedportion inrthe channelof the vat,

I for a-purpose to be described. V

The. numeral 21 designates :a; high speed re3 isa longitudinal section taken on e I v tional vengagement but 1IlxadClll' 1OI1j't/O thlS,

Figure 9 :1sa plan view of the eati g 6 Qbed,.and, a

at a high speed, and forthis-purpose it may be formedofa pair of roll heads 22, which are rigidly mounted upon ashaft 23; A

wooden ring or filler-24 is securelyclamped" between the ends of the roll heads; The roll heads 22 are provided upon their peripheries 5 v with spaced radial lugs 25, receiving there-v b'etween metal fly bars'26, having snugfricg tionalv engagement therewith. These ih'et'al fiy bars are radially. disposed and are pro- .Vided in theirendswith notches 27receiving metal rings. 28, which serve to securely hold them in place upon the roll; The fly bars. 26

are constructed 4 much thinner than the, or

thefly bars 26 and are held in place by? fricthey may be nailed to the filler ring 24; ;}The

a square inch in cross section, which is about I one-fourthjto one-sixth of the size ofthe or V successfully handle the proper volume of stock when driven at a high speed. The beater roll is rigidly mounted upon the trans verse drive shaft 23, whichiis journaled in c bearingsi31, mountedvuponlighter beams 32.

By reducing thefs'ize of the"beater.,roll,-the

c 105 "given speed, and enables the beater roll to andthe bearings maintained properly luare not screw-threaded,v and slidabl'y vreceive the lower screw-threaded ends of-vertical adjusting shafts 34,-but -have "no screwthreaded engagement therewithgfiThese .sbreWthre'adediends carry nuts v35,;held

against turning movement by; engagement with thesides ofthe lighterbeams; The,

upper ends of these adjusting shafts pass through openings in a transverse stationary timber or beam36', and'horlzontal bevel gears 87 are rigidly attachedto these shafts; These I bevel gears areengaged by vertical-bevel c gears 39, mounted upona'transverse horlzon- 1 a tall shaft 40. Thefshaft 40 jisyjournaled lao through 'openingsin angIeirQnsM secured in the transverse tnnber. The shaft- 40 s equipped with a hand wheel 42 atone end by means of which it may be turned, The opposite ends-of'tlie lighter beams rest upon cam elements azhwhich are rigidly secured? i The beater roll is adjusted"verticallyby "Ine'ans of the ha1'1d -wheel'Jc2, so that its fly,

to a rock shaft 44, andihave faces 45, a'rra'nged 'at 'var'y'ing distances fromthe shaft. The rock shaft 44: is tulned by means of a'lever 46. By turning the rock shaft, it isobvious that the lighterbeains inay be quickly raised,

and the beater drumflelevated,-in the event that an. obstruction should'pass between the beater druinand the bed. "Further, bymanipulation of the lever 4'6, the beater roll may be quickly raised and allowed to run idle after thefbeating operation has been completed and it is desired to'dump the vat. Further, itprovides the ineanswhereby the beater roll "'niaybe'quickly adjusted todifferent elevations particularly when coarse stock is firs't beingf-treated. The cani elements are cla npedto the rockshaft 4& by set -screws,";an'd. these cam elements may be turn'ed'upon the rock shaft and reset, which is desirable when th'e 'forwa rd end of the lighter beams have been permanently lowerechjto compensate for the wear'upo'n the fly-bars The numerals? designates a backfall, arranged near and at the rear of the beating roll, and havingfan inclined front face or surface 418. The front'face 48 has its lower portion curved and disposed concentric to the beating rollin close relation thereto.

The upper portion jof' the front face l8 is disposed at tangcntto the-beating roll and is inclined upwardly toward its top from the beating roll, to provide" a suitable 1 space whereby the pulp may beprojected from the beating roll into the air and thrown over the backfall due to the action of centrifugal force.' This backfall istall and preferably extends above the axis of rotation of the roll. The pulp circulating passagehasa uniform depththroughout its length. This backfall has an opening 50", within which the rock shaft a l isrotatably mounted. The numeral 51 designatesa bed, arranged beneatlrthe beating roll and in advance of the back-fall l7. 7 This bed embodies sets of spaced shears 52 and 53. Each shear 1s bent intof'transe versely inclined portions 54. The rear set of shears 53 are reversed With-respect tdtlie forward set of shears 52, and a straight'bar or strip 55, separates the two sets of shears. The inclined portions 54 of the shears produce a cutting action upon the pulp, and this action is reversed asthc pulp is passed'from one set of shears to the other. While it is preferred to use the center bar 55, yet the invention is in no senserestricted to the use of the same. The shears in each .set, are placed relatively close together, and I have found that'sa'tisfactory res'ultsare obtainable by spacing them for a distance of a, a1-

t'hough this distance maybe varied. The entire bed is transversely curved to form of the curvature of the beater roll.

These shears are suitably rigidly turnis suitably mounted in the vat or'tub.

3 bars travel closeto' the shears of the bed, for instance 1/l00f, alt'hougl'r the distance-is in creased when the'pulp isnotto be beaten so clamped into a frame or bed plate box 56, which'in Arranged near and in advance of thebed are spaced rollers 57, disposed in an in- 'cli 'ned group, which leads up tothe beds These rolls serve to effectively feedthep'ulp to the bed, and also permit of the separation out of foreign solid particles, which fall-be tween the 'rolls. i

- Tliebackfall 47 has its rear face 57 "verfl' tidal," and th'is face is conti'nuedfbyja parti tion 58 Thesepart's,"with the mid-partition l7,- p'rovideachannel-59 inthe vatlfi The channel is relatively wide, I so that alarge 7 capacity is providedfor the high speed beater roll; and thewidthlofithe channel varies depending upon theQsize of the beater roll. The

channel einbodiesa rear transverse channel portion 60, which has its longitudinal axis at substantially right angle to the direction of rotation of the beating roll. Arranged at the closed end of the 'transverse cliannel section 560-ijs fan incline 61, whiclreXtends from apoin't near the topof; the backfalli''? to thebottoni of the channel-section 60', said channel section having a' depth for the full depth of the channel. The incline- 61 has a width of about one-halftoone-thirdfofthe I "length of the beating roll, At thecorn'ers of V "the channel 59, I provide inclined (blocks, 'banks,- or strata breal:e1 's'-"62, the'purpose of which is to workthe pul p or stock at the bottom, at the cornersfof the channel,and

e'ifecta' mirringof the strata, loosening the same up, and preventing p'o'rtions of the,

this restricted-channel section teriiiinates at .The numeral 66 designates a combined guard and guide, which is attached-to the.

mid-feather 16. When the b'eatingrollacts uponthe pulp a portion ofthe same is mor'e readilyfin'ely "divided, and this finely divided portion rises to the top intheli'quid mass and "constitutes the light sloppy portion of" the massor pulp. This element-66 has itslo'wer ens projecting downwardly toab'o'ut 'the 'ele' vation of thetop oftheba'ck'fall 47, so that 'tlie'point 64, aiirlffronn this pointfth'e"clia inel ls' widened producing aueXpans'mn-mm, I "ing channel sect1'on'65'5j I it'lwill dipinto the top of the pulp, orstock.

' The lower edgeofthis member 66 is slightly curved laterally, and the element 66extends transversely;across the majo'r'po'rtion of the channel section 60, "but is spaced fromits rear wall asshown. The element 66 serves-toi ,I' prevent the pulp-thrownby centrifugal force 7 from the rbeating {roll "from splashing laterally 'and-also serves to. collect and guideithe i'io :of the channel. .This light sloppy stock, con:

I to the partic ul'ar'size of machine; shown and described, yet for the purpose of illustration,- .I' will describe the operation of the machine lightsloppy stock toflthe .outer or rearwa ll taining a' greater amount of water thanthe heavy stock will thus travel principally near the outer wall of thechanneljeliminatingthe necessity'ofwetting; the stock nearthe outer wall-of thechannel-as is frequentlyfrequired] -where-the heavy stock travels near the outer Q While theinvention is in no sense restricted -design'ed to-:beat'from 600 to 700 pounds of pulp.;; In; theoperation of amachine-for 1 this purpose, the beater roll wouldghave a diameter ofabout three sfeet'and a similar, v length 7 An ordinary old typemachine of this size could" only handle about one-half filled with water and the stock isted into the i elevation of%" fromthe bed 51. Thebeatr ingro-ll isnowrotating, and ,is turning at aboutf2500 to 3500 peripherialfeet per min Jute. The pulp ,is beaten by passing betweenthe beatingroll and the beam iscarried rear of the amount of-stock *Inoperating mymachine,the;vat or tub is first about one-half vat, while'the heating roll" is adjusted to-an wardly and upwardly by the pockets of the roll is-rapidly thrown or projected rearwardvbeating roll, The pulp within the pockets by virtue of the high rotation; of, the beating I .ly over the backfall.,47 due to the action. of. i 1 centrifugal force'upon the samep The pulp is ,not slowlypushed by the 'beating roll, as

1 forwardly by the inclinefil, causingthe con tinuous gradual circulation of the Y is the ordinary practice, but is rapidly orviolently thrown frornthe beating roll by. cen-' channel section, 60, and; is circulated or pushed through the}channe1,jand 'also by the high gravitysagof theimass. 7 As the pulp travels forwardly it enters the contracted; channel} section 66, and is compressed, whereby its gdepth is increased, and mixing efiected'. The ipulpppOn reaching the point 64,,discharges .into the widened channel section 166, and aq laterally spreading action occurs, in the with .enedchannel section, causing a thorough mixing of pulp by the spreadingzactionf which 'wall of the channel, thereby causing the; same It is tol be claims.

the reverse ofthe mixing action in the channel section63, due to compression. I Thepulp isagain passed beneath the beating roll and ward the bed, dependingupon l the flne-" to elevate theilower portion of the mass, of

fecting strata agitation or. movements. This I 7' eliminates any tendency that the pulp might have to slowdown or stop at the" corners, which frequently occurs in theold style beat 1 j The element 66'deliversthelight slop-s 1 1 i ers. V

y stock at apoint nearthe rear or; outer to travel-generally, near-theo'uter wall of bed; Asthebeating operationcontinues,

the beating, roll is-i gradually moved tom :ness to; which the pulp -is Jto be beaten. Thisis accomplished by 'turning the hand a ,wheel 42. As, the pulp 'is traveling through the channel, and reaches the corners of the, "same, theinclined blocks or elements 62 serve 7 a i i351 thechannel. As the stock'trayelingnear the 'T' 1 outer wall of thechannel- 'mustjtravela a greaterdistance than the mid feather;stock,;

it is desirable to have the light stock travel ing outermost ,so that it maytravel fasten and keep up with the heavystock. Injtfhe old" V 1 type machine, the heavy stock wouldgenerf ally travel adjacent the outer side of the' g channel and this was' one offthe causes for the heavy stock tendingto' slow up or stop-, I am, therefore, enabled to obtain a uniform mixing, with auniform circulation, in"coin-.

portion of the pulpl or-istock'i's circulating in} bination withthe rapid uniform'b'eat of the i ."stock; In the cycled operation, the major a 1 is a uniform manner while the rapidly rotat-f" ing beating roll'jrapidly discharges or'throws the pulp into-the high end of the "stock,

; which serves asaimiXing'pool. "understood that the form of, my; invention,-herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred vexamplefof the V same,and that various changes-in the shape,

size and arrangement of par s m ybe ;ref i sorted. to ,"without departing from the; spirit of myinvention, or the scope of thesubj oined Ha ving "thus described my {invention 7 provided with a pulp 'circulating passage, a

pulp beating, roll ,disposed Within theJipas- I isage, ailbackfallat the rear of the roll, a bed arranged beneath the roll, and spacedrollers disposedin advance-of the bedand arranged said rollers eflectingthe easy travel ofJt-he 'stocktothe bed and permittingof the sepae v ration from thestock of solid bodiesi '2. A high, speedpaperr pulp beater,co1n-;

prising a vat hav ng a'pulpcirculating pas sage, abeating rollarranged within-saidpas- .z sage,'a backfallarrangedbehind thebeating-roll and halving a frontxface, the upper portion of the facebeing inclined rea'rwardly 120K. in aniinclined group leading up -to' the bed,

from the beating roll to provide sufficient space whereby the beating roll may be driven at a sufficiently high speed to cause the pulp carried thereby to be projected into the air from the same by centrifugal force over the backfall, and a guide element extending to the rear of the backfall and arranged to engage With the upper portion of the pulp and serving to guide the light sloppy portion of the pulp to the outer side of the circulating,

passage, and a bed arranged beneath the beating roll.

3. The method of beating paper pulp in the presence of Water, comprising the steps of circulating the mass in a continuous passage, subjecting the pulp to the action of a high speed rotary beating roll driven at a speed of approximately 2500 to 3500 peripheral feet per minute and thereby projecting the pulp thus treated by the action of centrifugal force into the air from the high speed beating roll and causing the same to travel substantially completely across and above the pulp at the rear of the beating roll and collecting such projected pulp, and

causing the collected pulp to travel at sub- 'stantially a right angle to the direction of travel of the on-comingprojected pulp for effecting a cross-mix. Y

4:. The method of beating paper pulp in the presence of water, comprising the steps of circulating the mass in a continuous passage, subjecting the pulp to the action of a rotary beating roll having a large number of relatively small buckets and driven at a speed of approximately 2500 to 3500 peripheral feet per minute, and thereby projecting the pulp thus treated by the action of centrifugal force into the air from the beating roll and causin the same totravel substantially complete y across and above the pulp at the rear of the beating roll and collecting such projected pulp, and causing the Q collected pulp to travel at substantially a right angle to the direction of travel of'the oncoming projected pulp for effecting a cross-mix.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WVALTER N. SHERWOOD. 

